After eight weeks of Vitamin D consumption as well as magnesium, the serum levels of 25-hydroxy-Vitamin D3 and magnesium increased significantly in the intervention group compared with placebo group. Supplementation with Vitamin D and magnesium caused a significant decrease in conduct problems, social problems, and anxiety/shy scores; but it had no significant effect on psychosomatic problems score.

El Baza et al (2016) assessed magnesium level in ADHD children and compare it to the normal levels in children. Then, to detect the effect of magnesium supplementation as an add on therapy, on magnesium deficient patients.

• Methods: The study was conducted on 25 patients with ADHD and 25 controls. All subjects had magnesium estimation in serum and hair. ADHD children were further assessed by Wechsler intelligence scale for children, Conners’ parent rating scale, and Wisconsin card sorting test. Then magnesium deficient patients were assigned into two groups, those who received magnesium, and those who
  did not. The difference between the studied groups was assessed by Conners’ parents rating scale and Wisconsin card sorting test.
• Results: Magnesium deficiency was found in 72% of the ADHD children. The magnesium supplemented group improved as regards cognitive functions as measured by the Wisconsin card sorting test and Conners’ rating scale. The patients reported minor side effects from magnesium supplementation.

In a large observational study, Huss et al (2010) monitored 810 children from 5 to 12 years of age referred for medical help and recommended for consuming polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in combination with zinc and magnesium by a physician over a period of at least three months. The study objective was to evaluate the nutritional effects of the PUFA-zinc-magnesium combination on symptoms. Assessment was performed by internationally standardised evaluation scales, SNAP-IV and SDQ. Adverse events and compliance of the dietary therapy were documented.

Results

After 12 weeks of consumption of a combination of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids as well as magnesium and zinc most subjects showed a considerable reduction in symptoms of attention deficit and hyperactivity/impulsivity assessed by SNAP-IV. The assessment by SDQ revealed fewer emotional problems at the end of the study period compared to baseline and sleeping disorders. No serious adverse events occurred. A total of 16 adverse events with a possible causal relationship to the study medication were reported by 1% of the children and only 5% of the children discontinued the study due to acceptance problems.

Conclusions

These results suggest a beneficial effect of a combination of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids as well as magnesium and zinc consumption on attentional, behavioural, and emotional problems of children and adolescents.