Study author, Zeina Chemali from Massachusetts General Hospital said: “Everyone is still struggling to understand long Covid. From a neurocircuit perspective, we see that frontal networks are most vulnerable in the post-Covid-19 phase.” 

She noted that similar symptoms are found in patients with other post-viral conditions, post-traumatic brain injury, concussion syndrome, or chronic fatigue syndrome. 

Research shows that the neurological effects of long Covid could persist for more than a year after infection. Many go undiagnosed due to patients not seeking care or a misdiagnosis. 

“In addition to long Covid, brain fog can be caused by hormone changes, chronic stress, lack of sleep, an unhealthy diet, certain medications, and health conditions such as fibromyalgia, depression, hypothyroidism, and neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer’s disease. It can affect performance at work and school, and make it difficult to complete tasks,” said Health expert Vanessa Ascencao. 

Research demonstrates that a lack of nutrients could contribute to memory loss, cognitive decline, depression and anxiety, and increased intake of antioxidant-rich fruits and vegetables may help reduce oxidative stress and inflammation which may help improve brain function and reduce brain fog. 

Studies also show that nutrient deficiencies such as iron, vitamin B12, vitamin D, and omega 3 fatty acids could contribute to brain fog. Iron helps with brain development and cognitive performance, vitamin B12 and D plays a crucial role in boosting brain function, and omega 3 fatty acids may help reduce inflammation and improve cognitive function.  

“Optimise your health by getting good sleep, daily movement, practicing mindfulness and self-care, drinking lots of water, and nourishing the body with the best quality food and nutrients,” said Ascencao. “In addition, try high quality supplements with proven absorption which help boost the immune system and support energy levels and cognitive function.”